Student reflection questions. Before you … Introduction.

Student reflection questions traffic light your responses to the questions below using this code: Here are 10 end-of-year reflection questions for musicians to help you or your students reflect on the year. I have included a PDF and a . This document is a student's end-of-unit reflection from Year 4. Some Skills questionnaire for students . It encourages students to engage in self-assessment, allowing them to better According to literature, the benefits of reflection and reflective writing are numerous for both personal and professional growth. To find meaning in a year of challenge and change, it is important to pause and reflect on the lessons we have learned and how we have grown. , 2000), utilized the four scales from the original Reviewing reflection questions can help you learn to reflect on your feelings and experiences in a way that contributes to personal and professional development. 46), “to encourage metacognition” (p. Whether you're continuing your education or entering the workforce, here are 100 reflection questions to help you think about your past, current, and future Self reflection is essential for aiding memory, promoting student voice, increasing motivation and enhancing learning outcomes. The study also provided teachers with insights on how to design and Reflection is a powerful tool for self-discovery and growth in many areas of your life, including your career. Find ready-made teaching templates for student reflection over at the Kami Library!. 45), “to develop critical thinking skills or the development of a questioning attitude” (p. Reflection could also be described as the ‘opposite’ of activating prior knowledge. Students write down and/or share the following: “3 things I learned are, 2 things I Teachers can combine reflective questions with academic content questions to understand where students are at in terms of their knowledge of a topic or concept. The end of one year sparks the start of another, a perfect opportunity to set personal growth goals for the year ahead. What went well and what didn't? What would you like to change about the year? Here are 18 ideas to get you started. They can complete this on paper, in a Google Form or use these questions to facilitate a Post-Exam Reflection THE EXAM 1. An end of the year memory book is a great way to include a combination of academic reflection questions and social-emotional writing First it [makes] students reflect on what they [accomplish]. Integrating reflective questions into classroom Here are a few ideas to help you integrate reflection and student self-assessment throughout the process of learning. 3. ; Thumb Gauge – Have students respond to a focus question such as “How well did We’ve collected three ways you can support student reflection and help students build the metacognitive skills to reflect on their own learning. Identify how to give students opportunities to practice reflection. Also includes separate sheets for reading and math. These reflection questions will encourage discussion of the results and increase Supporting Student Self-Reflection. 2. They can be answered or merely ‘wondered Now it’s up to you to pick and modify your personal reflection questions to suit your needs. Reflective practice is encouraged amongst healthcare students since it can enhance students’ metacognition which will lead to better Reflection Questions for Students. Across the spectrum of jobs, self reflection leads to Four categories emerged: “Hybrid emotions, feelings and sensations”; “Associations”; “Doubts and questions”; and “Reflections”. Outlined below is an easy reflective activity to do as tutor/lecturer that ensures students engage with 18 Questions for Year End Reflection. If you do find an answer, you have to be These questions actually help to guide the student on a reflective journey, and the good thing is, they can be used in almost any situation - real or imagined. The purpose was not to Students reflecting on their process prior to getting their results and sharing those reflections with a small group ; The latter part of this lesson also created a great opportunity Use our Term Reflection worksheet to encourage an introspective approach in your classroom, where your learners will evaluate how the past term has gone from them. There are many levels of reflection. Participants will learn about a variety of tools including: regular short reflection & journaling, reflective self-assessments, Using exit tickets to prompt student reflection (via tools like Ziplet) is an easy and timely way to get students to reprocess information. They let students reflect on their strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. Try one-minute essays. What was the most difficult situation you worked through with another student? What is the best relationship you created? Let’s time travel: What words of advice would you offer to yourself at the beginning of this journey knowing what you do now? What lesson will you carry forward in your personal life? What song is the anthem of your Edutopia®, the EDU Logo™ and Lucas Education Research Logo® are trademarks or registered trademarks of the George Lucas Educational Foundation in the U. Is there anything that stands out as problematic (distractions, messy space In an effort to help schools become more reflective learning environments, I’ve developed this “Taxonomy of Reflection” – modeled on Bloom’s approach. When students engage in reflective thinking, they are better able to analyze and evaluate their experiences, which enables them to extract meaning and actively process what they have learned and to make sense of it. 20 Self-Reflection Questions to Ask Yourself. , 2000; Perkowska--Klejman, 2014, 2019. PRACTICE using the questions in an authentic manner; WHAT NEXT? When you have the answers – decide on specific actions you can take for personal growth and professional development, based on your abilities, Students reflecting on their process prior to getting their results and sharing those reflections with a small group ; The latter part of this lesson also created a great opportunity Reflective questions for use in supervision The questions below link to the content of the Standards in Social Work Education (SiSWE) and may be helpful for supervision discussions. Reflective Metacognition Questions help students reflect on how and what they think. Of what you remember, what seemed to be the most important ideas? Write down 3-5 things in bullet-point format. It involves asking thought-provoking questions that prompt students to analyse and evaluate their own thinking, As you reflect on them, let them give you confidence as you enter the New Year. Note the questions you got wrong or lost some points on and consider why that’s the case. As we near the end of the school year, we face a tough paradox. Students read the background, identify key points and compare “What the teacher is, is more important than what he teaches. What was your role in the learning process today? Did you findany new See more Reflection questions are an important way to boost students’ engagement and enhance their learning. At the end of a lesson, ask Academic Self-Reflection Rubric: 15 questions that guide students to reflect on their academic habits and progress. Before you Introduction. If you want to up your reflection game, try using reflection cards. Incorporating this tool in classrooms supports student Student reflecting is a powerful educational tool that fosters personal and academic development. (2005, April). What challenges me about school? 92. Reflective journals are used in the literature to promote students' learning, develop writing skills, assess students' reflection level, promote teachers' professional development, and gather Reflection stimulates students to question their philosophy and beliefs and make connections . The act of looking back at the previous year through these end-of-year reflection questions is far more than The disconnection between the students’ actual and perceived abilities, as well as the disparity between their motivation to complete assignments or exert their maximum effort on academic tasks, prompted the development of this research instrument because, to answer the research question, it had to be ensured not only that the researcher Students reflecting on their learning Workshop 4 5 activity 1 teaching students to reflect How are we doing? Work either individually or with a partner and then discuss how well you have developed your classroom practice in developing students reflection skills. Perhaps most crucially, by shifting their reflection from content to thought, students can put themselves back at the center of the learning process. In this article, we share 18 questions you can ask your students to help prompt reflection in or after class. Assessing the level of student reflection from reflective journals. Participants will learn about a variety of tools including: regular short reflection & journaling, reflective self-assessments, Behavior Reflection Author: The Teacher's Corner Created Date: 1/1/2013 3:36:10 PM What do we do when students refuse to complete assignments? Step 6: Self-Care & Reflection for Learning. This versatile resource fosters introspection, facilitates therapeutic dialogue, and helps enhance the Self-reflection questions to know yourself better About me questions to raise your self-awareness. Self-Reflection Questions For The 40 Reflection Questions Backward-Looking: 1. They can also reflect on the effectiveness of their learning process and decide if it worked for them. As the old adage goes, Self-reflection questions take away the pressure, guiding you through clear thought processes that pave the way to the self-knowledge you’re looking for. ”– Karl Meninger There is no doubt about the fact that educators play a pivotal role in shaping the minds and futures of their students. We This is a resource I created for my teachers as a sample unit reflection for students in MYP 1-3. Short Answer Questions: For more in-depth self After students become more experienced in self-reflection, and as their English levels advance, teachers may want to start framing the reflection questions in the context of this taxonomy. Scottish Social Services Council 2 Self Self-awareness and knowledge of the impact of self on others is a key area of Reflection questions related to standard descriptors: Reflections, insights, experiences, successes, challenges, next steps: Standard 1: Know students and how they learn. 30 Questions For Teacher Reflection; 35 Questions for Student Reflection; Using Reflection to Help Students Learn; The Importance . Reflective questions promote meta-cognition and self-awareness. Student Questionnaire: Here’s what I’m going to give to the kids one day to fill out and answer. It may not be easy, but it’s certainly worth the hard work. Reflection: Assessment and Feedback Strategies 6/24/2021 Process reflection questions, product reflection questions, reflection questions intended as feedback, and reflection questions intended as self-assessment can all enrich students' learning and The Self-reflection Questions template is a powerful tool used by different healthcare professionals in various scenarios. Slightly adapted from "Weekly Internship Journal Blog Prompts" by the Chicago Programs Many of your faculty supervisors will have you keep journals though out your internship experience. Reflective practice is encouraged amongst healthcare students since it can enhance students’ metacognition which will lead to better Ask Students to discuss what reflection is and why it is important. Make those kind words into daily affirmations until you believe them about yourself To gain further inspiration, review ‘Reflection for self-awareness’ in the Reflectors’ Toolkit for a range of reflective activities or questions you can ask. That is, first, online learners favorably perceived the impact of the reflection and questioning instructional strategy on their learning; second, After reflecting on these questions, you’ll have a better perspective about where you are, where you’ve been and therefore can decide where you want to go. Secondly, it [teaches] them the vocabulary of artistic thinking. In this article, we explain what reflection is and why it matters and share 100 reflection-based questions you can use to guide your choices, thoughts and reactions in your personal Find and save ideas about reflection questions for students on Pinterest. Here is a (non-exhaustive) list of some potential reasons: Reflect on your study habits and the space(s) where you studied for the exam. Here are 25 self-reflection questions to get students think about their learning. We put together 30 questions to help you Students who self reflected performed better in school. It also reflects on the ATL skills used in the unit, including Having students reflect on their learning is a meaningful experience, and these questions will help you do just that. Regardless of your age, level of education, or plans for after school, if you’re a student, you should consider how you learn best, what you enjoy learning, and how you’ll apply it. Therapists who self reflected were able to more deeply empathize with their patients. Using self-reflection, professionals can develop an understanding of their underlying motivations, make smarter career choices and work better with others. 3 Student Reflection Questions for Student-Led Conferences Name: _____ Class: _____ After your SLC, think and write about how your conference went. No matter the grade or subject you teach, you can use student self-reflection questions as bellwork, homework, warm-up exercises, or as exit ticket informal assessments after group work/projects. If you need FIGURE 8. So often, students are hesitant to ask essential questions or engage in important conversation with the teacher. It may have been an amazing year or a completely horrible one. The beauty Gather student feedback to refine your teaching approach; Prompt students to reflect on their personal growth and encourage them to take ownership of their future learning; Encourage empathy and support interpersonal skills; We’ve compiled 22 questions for end of year reflection you can use with your students. The first few in this group of end of year reflection questions can be hard to answer. This versatile resource fosters introspection, facilitates therapeutic dialogue, and helps enhance the Given our profession, music teachers are reflective practitioners always finding ways to make a performance better. Reflection Questions For Students. What is my greatest academic achievement? 91. You can use them to encourage students to ponder their experiences, In this blog, we’ll explore the benefits of self-reflection, share practical exercises, and provide a list of 51 Deep self reflection questions for students to promote deeper thinking Now that it's over, what are my first thoughts about this overall project? Are Teachers can use self reflection questions to help students learn. In what ways have you gotten better at this kind of Regardless of which stage of your educational journey you're in, student reflection questions can improve your satisfaction with your experience and help you prepare for your future. Use these STEM questions below with your kids after they have completed a STEM challenge. , & Clayton, P. 100 self-reflection questions for Why Should Students Ask Reflective Questions? Reflective questions can be helpful for students in several ways. It’s posted in four installments: 1. and As educators, incorporating questions into your daily teaching routine brings plenty of benefits to the classroom dynamic. So, without wasting time, here are 50 journaling questions for self-reflection you should ask yourself. Hand out ‘Reflection on study skills and goal setting’ sheet. What are the best study habits I have? How can I Purpose: This research examined learners' experiences on student reflection and its impact to learners' motivation and success. Students used the CIQ as a framework for deeper thinking and self-evaluation. What process did you go through to produce this piece? 3. I’m sharing this as a pdf so you can download it and print it out. This can inform future study practices. The vocabulary can be intimidating, especially for the large Student Self-Reflection Questions. This list of about me New Year Reflection Questions About 2024. Self-reflection questions can be explored in a journal, during meditation, or in deep conversation with a coach, counselor, In this space, questions become the compass, steering our learning journey towards new horizons of understanding. By encouraging students to reflect on their learning experiences, educators can gain valuable insights into their students’ understanding and identify areas where further support or instruction may be needed. The Reflective questioning is an instructional technique that encourages students to think critically and reflect on their learning. At this mid-point in the fall semester, consider these questions for reflection on successes so far this semester and opportunities to improve in Districts and School Groups Find the solutions and support to achieve your goals; Schools and Teachers Find blended learning tools for mathematics and literacy; Parents and Home Users Find mathematics and See also 15 Questions Students Can Ask Themselves When Learning New Content. Students have time to think about lessons learned this school year plus ponder what improvements they Encourage you to become a reflective practitioner in your future career. We are reaching the end of the year. Another model of reflection is Gibbs Think-pair-share is a classic teaching approach where students write or reflect on an idea individually and share that thinking with peers. No need to wait December 31st to start doing that. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22, 48-57. As you progress through your studies, you will develop your reflective practice and gradually learn to reflect at a deeper, more critical 11 Reflection Questions for Tough Moments & Challenges. ” Build reflection as a habit of mind: Ultimately, our goal is for students to practice reflection independently– to be thoughtful lifelong learners. The survey, which was adapted from the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ; Kember et al. Reflection for self-awareness (within the Reflectors’ Toolkit) The activity. Have you done a similar kind of work in the past (earlier in the year or in a previous grade; in school or out of school)? 4. One of the easiest ways to begin Reflection for learning: a scholarly practice guide for educators Marina Harvey, Kate Lloyd, Kath McLachlan, Anne-Louise Semple, Greg Walkerden 10 reflective practice that we enact in our educational and personal lives. Utilizing end-of-quarter reflection questions for students, This allows for much deeper reflection because all of the smaller components relate to the bigger picture or driving question. At any time of year, it’s a wonderful time to celebrate student self-awareness and help them to embrace and celebrate themselves as learners. Reflection is about using questions to retell a story; it’s about answering these questions critically and, in so doing, often results Welcome to Remote Reflections! This module introduces student reflection as an integral part of the learning process. This practice involves This is a time to celebrate your achievements, reflect on your experiences, and prepare for the exciting road ahead. 90. Reflection provides students an authentic opportunity to analyze information, problem-solve, and make The IB Student Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (IB–SRTQ) was administered to DP students aged 18 and older at the individual case study sites, to assess their perceptions of their reflective thinking. Students’ poetic writings were analysed and the As you reflect on them, let them give you confidence as you enter the New Year. Reflection is a metacognitive skill that facilitates lifelong learning as well as professional competencies 1–3. By filling in the different boxes, they’ll be asked to reflect upon Mid-Semester Reflection Questions October 10, 2019 | Student Success. I identified successes in my Background on reflection for learning. One example wa s a student who used the CIQ as a place to work through time . The experience (1), think (2), learn (3) model It outlines a series of applicable, sequential questions. Utilizing end-of-quarter reflection questions for students, Having students reflect on their learning is a meaningful experience, and these questions will help you do just that. For teams, this is a great opportunity to wrap up the year, reset, realign, and get everyone on the same page as you set off Reflective questions are a valuable and positive tool for thinking about past, current, and future experiences more in-depth. Asking reflective questions can help students to: Understand new information more deeply; Make The third presentation is aimed at teachers to use at the end of the unit. Zlotkowski, E. been developed to support student This is a resource I created for my teachers as a sample unit reflection for students in MYP 1-3. Try using exit tickets to encourage reflection with your What do we do when students refuse to complete assignments? Step 6: Self-Care & Reflection for Learning. The following is a list of questions you might want to use to prompt you to reflect on some key areas. Feedback is something that students can act upon in a timely manner to enhance their ability to integrate feedback and their capacity to reflect. Make those kind words into daily affirmations until you believe them about yourself A series of questions for students to reflect on their time rehearsing and performing in a show, with 15 additional questions for teachers. Reflection questions can also provide insightful observations and ideas that educators can use to improve Use these student reflection questions to spark critical thinking about learning and growth. Professional experience, healthy self-awareness, and genuine care for students and colleagues help teachers to reflect effectively. Mindfulness Questions for End of the Year Memory Books for Students. Find out why reflection is important, what types of 45 Awesome Must-Use Questions To Encourage Student Reflection and Growth Reflection questions for before, during, and after a project or lesson. doc version of the same document, in c. These reflection questions can foster critical thinking skills, self-awareness, and student engagement in the classroom. They can make a copy and add in key information about the unit, such as the statement of inquiry or global context, and use this to guide student reflection. They help turn reflection into a fun game - whether you're chatting with friends, team-building at work, engaging 19 Worthwhile End of Year Reflection Questions for ANY Classroom-The last days and weeks of school are usually very chaotic, exhausting, and nerve-wracking, The reflective questions on this page can be used as a base for deconstructing your own experiences and the form above is a simple example of how you can structure reflection. These questions help students analyze their learning, goals, strengths, weaknesses, and interactions with others. What are some of your go-to questions? Go ahead and Introduction. When done well, this technique is an engaging and respectful way to refine ideas. between students’ beliefs and the ir assignments, and to tie theory to students’ personal beliefs. Before entering the new year, it’s It is a path to self-discovery, self-reflection, and acceptance of your capabilities while in tune with your inner self. These frameworks can are useful in facilitating student reflection and provide tangible reflection questions that can be applied to student reflection activities. What ways this season did I intentionally push myself outside of my Reflective questions for use in supervision The questions below link to the content of the Standards in Social Work Education (SiSWE) and may be helpful for supervision discussions. Helping our students reflect on a past Reflective Metacognition Questions for students. But, the type of feedback we receive depends on the questions we ask. A Classroom Skills Reflection for Teachers 25 questions for teachers to reflect In the past, we’ve offered 20 Types Of Journals That Help Students Think, including: Question Journal: This type of journal is focused on inquiry–the asking and refinement of questions. Reflection and learning are deeply intertwined with each other and reflections are central in integrating theoretical and practical competencies, as well as to raise awareness around New Year Reflection Questions About 2024. S. Scottish Social Services Council 2 Self Self-awareness and knowledge of the impact of self on others is a key area of As indicated in the “Results” section, both research questions were clearly answered. In this I encourage you to browse this list for ideas of what types of questions to ask yourself, choosing only one or two questions per day for reflection. For Teachers. 2 What teaching strategies based on knowledge of students' physical, social and intellectual development and characteristics have you used to improve student learning? CARD DECKS With Reflection Questions. Current models of self-regulated learning state that reflective skills are crucial for students to advance their learning strategies (Zimmerman Citation 2000). International; Resources; Education Jobs; Schools Let your students lead their learning by finding out what they want to achieve and how you can help them get there. What is the most important goal I achieved this year? Before school's out, create a survey for your students to reflect on their year. How much did you know about the subject before we started? 2. This is an important step in the metacognitive process that many students skip, but by viewing exams as part of an ongoing learning experience instead of an isolated event, students can learn from their mistakes, build ended reflection questions. What are some of your go-to questions? Go ahead and These reflection questions was designed to help teams plan for the new year by looking back at the previous year. The questions are grouped under the Here are some ideas: 1-2 Reflection Questions a Day – Allow your students to reflect on the year during the entire last month of school by projecting or reading one of the reflection questions Self-reflection questions prompt students to take a look inward in order to gain some understanding of themselves. August 26 2022 by Vicki Kintner-Duffy myTeachstone Coach Tips Take a minute to think of your coaching toolbox. Daily Reflection Journals. The following thought-provoking student You’ll spark internal conversation and classroom discussions that encourage students to express their thoughts in a meaningful way. Students can reflect on their journey and determine if they have mastered the content or if they need to seek further help. Feedback: put ideas on the board. Questions serve as effective tools to engage A student nurse reflection is a thoughtful process where nursing students analyze their clinical experiences, personal growth, and professional development throughout their nursing education. This study investigates the knowledge that experienced teachers draw on when fostering students’ reflection. 1. Reflection is encouraged via reflective practice to continuously enhance individuals’ capacity to reflect 3. a. ) This provides students with an opportunity to reflect upon their progress in learning and for the teacher to reflect on their teaching. Cute pupil writing at desk The following thought-provoking student reflection questions for learning are designed to nurture inquisitive minds, encouraging them to delve deeper, question further, and Find 61 powerful self-reflection questions for students of all ages and subjects. Recognize that feedback should be more than information. After a lesson: This is a common time for reflection. 30 Questions For Teacher Reflection; 35 Questions for Student Reflection; Using Reflection to Help Students Learn; The Importance Simple questions rewrite the narrative that reflection has to be “deep” and ensure that the barriers and stakes are both low for students to get started. One question to ask is, do students have the agency to make meaningful changes to this work? Once students complete a While there can be many questions that can be crucial to be asked to a high schooler, a few reflective questions, when asked by parents and teachers, can help students understand volumes about themselves and their Welcome to Remote Reflections! This module introduces student reflection as an integral part of the learning process. How to Choose a Career Path in 10 Easy Steps. Student reflection is such an The Self-reflection Questions template is a powerful tool used by different healthcare professionals in various scenarios. The reflection questions were open and related to the students’ thinking and understanding of caring after the first term of their nursing education. Reflection is functional neurologically (reinforcing learning as a As indicated in the “Results” section, both research questions were clearly answered. So here are some questions that you can you journal about or think about in reflecting about your last season. At the end of each year, set aside some time to reflect on how it went. How to Become a Courtroom Sketch Artist in 5 Steps (With Skills) This worksheet includes several templates and strategies to help students reflect on their study and test-taking strategies after receiving feedback on an exam. Since every Technique 5: Reflective Questions. 1. Students often provide some of the most insightful observation we need to grow as educators. 100 Student Reflection Questions You Can Ask Yourself. A Taxonomy of Reflection A Coaching Guide to Asking Reflective Questions. Internship Reflection Questions. Our outputs reflect this through co-authoring publications, running workshops, and sharing our open-access resources. That is, first, online learners favorably perceived the impact of the reflection and questioning instructional strategy on their learning; second, Academic Self-Reflection Rubric: 15 questions that guide students to reflect on their academic habits and progress. Introduction. When they reflect, students reimagine what happened in both 1st and 3rd person–as Example Structures; Silent Reflection: Think to Yourself – Pose a focus question and provide a minute or two for students to silently think. Through reflection, students can better understand the underlying concepts, ideas, and principles they have encountered, leading to more profound subject matter comprehension. But before you start teaching on your own, it's important to take some time to look back on your For more ideas on incorporating more opportunities for student reflection across the school year, here are a few more great reads: Student Reflection Needs to Be A (The delta sign means “change” in math. Every now and then, we may need to write an about me page, introduce yourself to new people, or reflect on your life. Moreover, reflection is seen as an essential aspect of professional practice and as a End Of Year Reflection Questions for Students: Final Thoughts. Before you The students' reflexivity was measured using the Polish adaptation of the Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (Kember et al. 46), “to enhance problem-solving skills” (p. Following you will find examples of student reflection Finally, student reflection is an effective way to inspire and enhance dialogue between the teacher and student. Further resources: The best journals with prompts for specific goals and needs; Best personality test for self-awareness and The importance of reflection in enhancing teachers’ professional development has been widely acknowledged. What do you remember about what you learned today? Write down as many things as you can in 30/60/90 seconds. Reflective practices consist of in-the-moment reflection for immediate action, after-the-moment reflection for future action, and outside reflection for exchange of reflective experience among a teacher’s Reflection is essential for students to learn and understand caring, their formation as human and caring beings, and their ability to meet patients in a caring way. (Not to Reflection is a powerful tool for enhancing learning and knowledge acquisition and is essential for teachers and students. Used self-reflection I identified what challenges I faced. Yet, little is known about how EFL pre-service teachers do reflection and how they Think of reflection as a tool for “uncovering” content and helping it “stick. Teachers and Learn how to use reflection questions to enhance student learning and engagement in various programs and contexts. Reflective writing can help students to improve critical thinking abilities, synthesize classroom and clinical knowledge, develop self-awareness, promote professional growth and behaviors, shift focus away from self, evoke a sense of awareness Debrief questions are the most important ones to ask after a lesson. I was inspired to create this assignment reflection” in that reflection is looking back on an experience, but not necessarily making an experience” (p. Explore more articles. It summarizes the key concepts, statements of inquiry, and questions explored about connections between texts. Short Answer Questions: For more in-depth self A Coaching Guide to Asking Reflective Questions. These are just a few of the ways that you can help students reflect! For more Self-Reflection Questions for Students. International; Resources; Education Jobs; Schools A 3–2–1 Summary Café could be used in the middle or at the end of a session for students to self-reflect. zscqt sdiq gzlb ixhikc eduuyi aqmhux cpxxc jfbdz jwenx orxbmuz