Frp vessel media calculation. vessels offer composite fiberglass.

tank) and inserted in tank using extension I-WR03-LA. For relatively clean water, you may go up to design criteria of 15 gpm per sq. The pressure vessel was tested with 82. 310, structural Nov 27, 2020 · vessels are tested with a prototype with the. 1) The document provides input design data and material properties for the design of a brine strainer made of fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP). Add to Cart. Allowable strain for the tanks: 0. 9 bar) Operating temperature: 2-38°C (35-100°F) Optional power supply: 240VAC,1-Phase, 50Hz Media Filtration Operating Cycles. patreon. Thermoplastic Valves. Plastic Valves ssure vessel, with a 36”. Made with an internal bladder wrapped in fiberglass, these filament wound vessels are ideal for filtration using activated carbon, resins or other filter media. system with Structural FRP vessels. We can also offer higher rating customized pressure rating vessels as per requirements. Service CycleWater flows downward through the media while. Because most filter media work effectively at a low filtration velocity flow rate of 3-5 gpm per sq ft of filter area, we always recommend to size the media filter properly based on correct calculation. Step 3: Determine the size and amount of sand Apr 21, 2021 · How to calculate the media required to fill up your water purification frp tanks 1 day ago · Pressure Granular Media Filters. Design parameters – ASME. 57 out of 5 This design approach is used for FRP parts where performance requirements severe and where material cost considerations critical. It adopts FRP vessels (also available for stainless steel or carbon steel vessels) as vessels and anthracite coal, sand and garnet as filter media. They offer fiberglass construction for outstanding performance and durability in harsh chemical environments. /in. 5. A new requirement which will be effective from 1 st July 2023 as per Inland Vessel Rules Part 3 Chapter 1 Section 2. This chapter is intended to serve as a manual on the use of the documents. Multimedia filter system can be used as the alternative to sand filter system. ˇˆ ˙ . 2162 FRP Vessel – Pentair Top & Bottom Opening ₹ 254. Outstanding performance and durability in harsh chemical Nov 5, 2019 · The filter media is usually 15 to 30 in. 50mm Riser Pipe. 001 this . Therefore, V (segment) = (1/2)r 2 ( θ - sin θ )l. Addition of brominated materials makes FRP vessels ignition resistant. Structural Composite Vessel. Membrane Housings. 0 bar). The size of the plumbing limits the flow of water, so this can be used as a guideline for the maximum flow rate coming into your home in extremely peak usage. The backwash water flow rate using. 300" (7. 1 times to the design pressure. The chapter describes ways to treat the two factors that complicate the stress analysis of FRP vessels. Brief introduction: Composite Pressure Vessels ( Canature FRP Vessel 16″ X 65″) offer reinforced fiberglass construction for outstanding performance and durability. For Dredgers, the pressure for the Hopper Well elements will be taken from Part 5 Chapter 10 Section 2. 49 Cashback ₹ 28,900. Maximum operating temperature: 150° F. Easy to handle and install, our FRP tanks are available in standard polyester or chemical-resistant vinylester construction depending on your needs. Excellent base finish and surface. FRP tanks with a small diameter (155–550 mm) are suitable for Nov 18, 2014 · The evaluation of external nozzle loading on filament wound Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) storage tanks and pressure vessels can be a challenging task. This tool is useful in determining the quantity of activated carbon and diameter of the filter vessel. 00 ₹ 4,400. Area of the circular segment, the grey shaded area, is A = (1/2)r 2 ( θ - sin θ) where θ = 2*arccos (m/r) and θ is in radians. , CORPORATE OFFICE. These tanks offer unmatched strength and chemical resistance. 03 Materials A. A minimum structural safety factor of 5 shall be used in the design of the Vessel. From R200,00. The chapter then discusses the following processes used to manufacture RTP-1 and Section X vessels: contact molding, bag molding, centrifugal casting, and filament winding. FRP GRP STORAGE TANKS DESIGN CALCULATIONS SERVICES, Manfacturering process pdf, Fabraction process pdf, thickness calculation xls excel sheet, design code, thickness calculation formula , design software. Empirical design is based the most efficient production flow concepts near- and long-term will form economic the basis for during the production life cycle. All Flanged Connections in FRP with PVC Internal Piping and SS316 Bolting. Membranes. com/user?u=83915893Water treatment for beginners course: https://bit. 5 kg (36 psi / 2. (30 m/h) Initial Start Up. The FRP-Series tanks come in many sizes to handle a full range of liquid flows. Misc. In response to this, there has been significant work to establish standards and codes for FRP vessel design. 73-6. The Leader in FRP Systems. Product Type : FRP Multimedia Vessels. 742 Marine Drive, Bellingham, WA 98225 (360) 733-2620 Fax (360) 733-2628 www. Step 4: S. Our FRP Pressure Filters are designed according to the following Improve your water treatment. It is used to reduce the level of SDI (Silt Density Index). 2-8. They can be used in a variety of services including industrial, munici. The 4872 – 6T6B FRP tank is made from super durable composite material, is not corroded by chemicals, does not rust when used for a long time like stainless steel filter column (stainless steel 201) and does not affect human health. Bolt Torque Required for Sealing Flanges with Gaskets and Internal Pressure; Pressure Vessel Calculator Python Script Application You may choose the FRP tank size based on the desired flow rate of FRP tanks. of media is the best design condition for filtration. This tool is useful in determining the diameter of the filter vessel. Calculation for double pipe exchanger, air cooled exchanger, lmtd calculation, lmtd correction factors, insulation heat loss and jacketed vessel heat transfer. Ranjith4231@gmail. 2 m3/h Calculate filter media for Max Temperature : 49 deg C. 2) Key parameters include an inside diameter of 800mm 10 year warranty for 8″ – 13″ vessels 5 year warranty for 14″ – 24″ vessels Inner liner high density polyethylene; Threaded inlet glass filled polypropylene Maximum operating pressure: 150 psi Maximum operating temperature: 120oF; Safety factor: 4:1; Minimum burst at 600 psi; Tested to 100,000 cycles / 0-150 psi without leakage FRP SAND FILTERS, FILTRATION TANKS. Electrical: 120VAC, 1-Phase, 60 Hz, 2 Amp. pressure and it will be founded that the. AFM® glass filter media does not lead to biofilm formation. Butt Weld Fittings. Pressure sand filter is a widely used filtration system Design and operating parameters. Apr 19, 2021 · Hello friends, "Power plant discussion" welcome to all of you my friend to this channel, my name is chandan pathak, I have 10 years of experience in power pl (FRP) for vessels and piping in the chemical processing indus-try (CPI) started in the 1950s, many users have experienced reli-ability problems. Loyalty Discount - 5%. May 5, 2004 · Design of FRP tanks and pressure vessels is based on criteria developed in the late 1960s using materials and procedures that represented the state of the art at the time. harsh chemical environments. ªAbout 1/3 the weight of steel tanks and can be handled easily ªAvailable in standard Calculation include pressure losses in pipe and fittings, natural gas pipe sizing, two phase flow, pump sizing and compressor rating. Water Treatment Filter Media. Both standards have provisions for vessels with external pressure from 0–15 psig. construction for outstanding. vessels offer composite fiberglass. 8mm) up to 0. 00 Current price is: ₹25,449. It doesn’t leave any trace metal contamination in shampoos or antiperspirants. Minimum wall thickness shall be . Our FRP media vessels are engineered to accommodate various water filtration media, making them perfect for a wide range of applications. Burst Pressure :42Bar (4 times) Fatigue Cycle:100,000 times Low installation and maintenance. FOR MORE DETAILS PLEASE CONTACT Phone and What up +919553747757. performance and durability in. tep 3: Put assembly inside the tank to mount laterals. A well-operated Multi-Media Filter can remove particulates down to 15-20 microns. Composite Pressure Vessels offer reinforced fiberglass construction for outstanding performance and durability. Rated 4. of carbon. 4. pressure of 1. rew all laterals in hub while still holdin. The tanks are used for water softening, filtration and de-ionization. For orthotropic materials like FRP, there are 5 elastic properties that must be determined: Axial modulus of elasticity (usually given the symbol E axial or E a) Hoop modulus of elasticity (usually given the symbol E hoop or E h) Shear modulus of elasticity (usually given the symbol G) Major Poisson ratio (usually given the symbol ν Aug 31, 2020 · 1354 FRP Vessel – Pentair (NSF Certified) Rated 4. FRP Sand Filter Tank – Multi-layers Filtering. Flow (LPH) Filtration Velocity (m/s) Filter Diameter (mm) 0. (30 m/h) 12 gpm/ft 2 @ 55 °F. com. Step 2: Parts shown in Step 1 are as-sembled (outside o. TTS (Total Suspended Solids) in incoming water. ft. On the basis of analysis it is found that FRP pressure vessel has more strength than steel pressure vessel and it is also concluded that the pressure inside the vessel can be reduced up to 75 % by replacing steel with FRP material. Food grade internals are standard along with a wide selection of inlet/outlet sizes. Oct 8, 2023 · V (tank) = πr2l. Density unit Simple Insulation Calculators Condensation Control Calculator – Horizontal Pipe This calculator estimates the thickness of insulation required to avoid condensation on the outer surface of an insulated horizontal steel pipe. 1. 3 AFM® glass filter has increased water filtration efficiency, can filter up to 1 micron. AFM® glass filtrate with a service life of 15 years. EN 13121. Cl2 sterilization recommended but not required. Since usage of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) for vessels and piping in the chemical processing industry (CPI) started in the 1950s, many users have experienced reliability problems. SKU: WC-WT-FRP 844 Category: Canature FRP Vessels. Vessel diameter-19 inch (473 mm ) which gives your product a clean entry. Filter Bags. Requires minimum 4 hours Cl2 regeneration. Features and Benefits. *Exclusive of All Taxes. 6. Operation Specifications. Size ranging from 1050mm diameter to 3000mm diameter. FRP is an efficient insulating material featuring good thermal expansion property. Have you ever wanted the right formula to calculate the right MBBR media volume for your Sewage Treatment Plant, Effluent Treatment Plant with precise accuracy and efficiency if answer is YES than Richa Environmental got you covered. Quick View. ₹ 25,449. Maximum operating pressure-150psi. Outstanding performance and durability in harsh chemical The document provides a sample calculation for determining the minimum thickness of an FRP tank with a diameter of 2100mm and height of 2300mm. Generally, the softening flow rate V is 20 m/h and filtration flow rate V is10–20 m/h. 00 Original price was: ₹28,900. 0010 in. Model. Ion Exchange Resins. Most organics are less soluble and adsorbed Apr 16, 2021 · RO Plant का Strainer Ceaning करना सीखने के लिए आप इस Video को देख सकते हैं।#Strainer#ROPlantRO Plant 500 LPH Industrial RO System 10x35 Fibreglass Wrapped Vessel with 2. ˝ ˛ ˚ It also provides general guidelines for design and installation to aid the user in the proper application of the products described. Can be produced according to specify different color, different degree of pressure. 2472 FRP filter tank Dimension: D600xH2000 (mm) Volume: 447L Base connection: Top/bottom 4″ female thread Flowrate: 6. Trouble free performance without any kind of leakage. 5kg/cm2, and temperature of 80°C. ₹ 44. Max Pressure psi. Calculate filter media for filter tank (Purpose: calculate filter media, select filter media, calculate height of filter material in filter tank, select filter capacity for filter tank, select appropriate filter tank) Enter filter tank diameter (mm): FRP filter tank model: Chihon 3672. The equation I'm using is 3A-230, it's the first case: t = (M*P*Rc)/ (2* (Su/F)) I'm now unsure of the pressure value, P. ₦179,921. Per Page 1 - 6 of 6. Backwash approximately 20 minutes or until backwash water is clear as Katalox-Light is Absolute Dust-Free. Type: Filament wound rated at design pressures indicated in the drawings. Skid mounting, control panel and custom sizes and configurations (shown on right) are available upon request. 3/4" Pipe. Water and Wastewater Treatment Design Calculations ; MBBR: Electrocoagulation: Constructed Wetlands: Water Softener: Pressure Sand Filter: Activated Carbon Filter: Primary Clarifier: Grit Chamber: Water Chiller Calculator: RO Rejection Rate Calculator: Ozone Demand Calculator: Chlorine Dosage Calculator: Lime Dosage Calculator Aug 20, 2020 · Support this YouTube channel and get access to design documents: https://www. Estimated Flow Rates for Copper Piping. Part Number: CH31214. They have found application mainly for small and medium size seawater desalination plants – usually with production capacity of less than 20,000 m3/day. 1/2" Pipe. Filter Cartridges. Our cartridges are engineered to more efficiently repel contaminates, minimize pressure drop, increase energy efficiency and have a useful life 3 - 5x longer than other brands. It protects other water treatment units from possible damage due to oxidation or organic fouling. Check the pipe size at the entrance to your home or facility. Maximum strain has been the controlling factor selected for the design of these vessels at an allowable level of 0. Requirement as per Main Rules as per Part 3 Chapter 5 Section 3. Easy to handle and install, FRP. Availability : In Stock. It hasn’t any flammability hassle while welding. Section X includes three Classes of vessel design; Class I and Class III - qualification through the Full choice of pressure vessel available up to 72" diameter with 94" height Top & Bottom openings available for 16" through 63" tanks Maximum Operating Pressure 150 psi (10 Bar) Maximum Operating Temperature 120F(49°C) 100% corrosion resistant. Structural Poly Glass™ Pressure Vessels provide years of reliable service for water conditioning and filtration applications. com Use our media filter sizing calculator to determine how much filtration media you need to fill a water system or filter cartridge. According to the formula, Q = πr 2 *V = π (D/2) 2 V, it can be concluded that FRP tank diameter D 2 = 4*Q/ (πV). Precision/Security Filter Housing. The FRP will use chopped strand mat and woven roving laminates with polypropylene lining. water at temperatures 70 to <80°F , would be 63 gpm (X) for 5-6 min duration. Add to cart. Pressure sand filter is widely used filtration system for the removal of suspended solids and turbidity in the feed water. LCA Series – ASME – ASME stamped vessels, rated for flows up to 900 GPM, with up to 30,000 lb. The formula doesn't really define it in this paragraph, and I've narrowed it down to two options: Pressure Sand Filter Calculation. Completely customized vessels can be offered. Peak Flow. FRP sand filter maximum working pressure: 2. Evaporation Loss from an Oxygen Tank Formula and Calculator Liquefied gases are sometimes stored in well-insulated spherical or cylindrical containers vented to the atmosphere. 8 has been incorporated. [1-5] They have contributed significantly to increased reliability of FRP equipment. 7 gpm. R21,180. ershigs. ly/ Distribution System For Frp Vessel, Max Design Pressure: 0-10 bar, Capacity: 1000-10000L. Booster Pump. AFM® glass filter features filtration of sediment, heavy metals, microplastics. Solenoid Valve. Introduction： Operation Pressure: 150psi (10. carbon capacity are available with design ratings up to 150 psi. Eden Excel filtration vessels offer the most efficient cartridge configuration and the best overall performance when paired with Eden Excel liquid filter cartridges. 00 Cashback. Input data includes the operating temperature, ambient conditions (temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed) and details about the insulation system (material and wcy frp Vessels - AQUALINE ME. Backwash flow rate based on 25 psi pressure drop. ** 5 gpm per sq. 5 bar) Maximum pressure test: 4 kg (58 psi / 4. SKU: WC-WT-FRP 1665 TB Category: Canature FRP Vessels. Vessel Volume & Level Calculation - Estimates Volume filled in a Horizontal/ Vertical Vessel with Ellipsoidal (2:1 Elliptical), Spherical (Hemispherical), Torispherical (ASME F&D, Standard F&D, 80:10 F&D) and Flat heads. 64 x 63 gpm = 40. It includes production, processing, fabrication, inspection and testing methods required for the vessel. Used in most water treatment applications as a pretreatment component. 300 or 46 CFR 177. For commercial and industrial water treatment and storage. Anisotropic material properties can have a Depth of filter media = 18 inches; Assuming a backwash rate of 11 gallons per square foot per minute (gal/ft 2 /min) is recommended, and an 8 minute backwash is required, calculate the amount of water, in gallons, required for each backwash. 250. This Section provides requirements for construction of an FRP pressure vessel in conformance with a manufacturer's design report. Step 2: Calculate the filter bed depth (H) in meters using the formula H = Q / (A x V), where A is the filter area in m2, and V is the filter bed loading rate in m/hr. • Liner wall thickness available from 0. txt) or read online for free. FRP Media Vessel 3672 (1011L) R27,845. Pressure Vessel Applications. AFM® glass filtration takes 2-5 minutes to backwash. From removing impurities to tackling iron-related issues, these vessels are your go-to solution. Pentair Structural Vessel CH31214 36X72 COMP 6"TF. 150" (3. 00. Exclusive warranties apply as follows: 10 years on 6"-13" vessels used for softener/filtration applications. 1 ft2 (shown I Table I). Feb 25, 2021 · For the purposes of this article, vessels include storage tanks, chemical reactors, scrubbers, and other containers for storage or processing of chemicals. FRP Tanks. 5Bar) Operation Temperature: 34-122°F (1-50°C) Max Vacuum: 140 mm Hg Mini exposed Temperature: -30°C (-22°F) Why Canature FRP Vessels Higher Testing Standards and Vessel Rules and HSCLC Rules. Apr 2, 2020 · Dear FriendsStay home, Stay Safe, In this vedio you will know how to Calculate media in any vessel like MGF, ACF, as well as Softener, D. Pentair. Certifications. Normal Flow. FRP Multimedia Vessels. DMF Filter Working Dual media filter working principle and internal structure #2 |Gaurav Electrician , Sand Filter System Filters Large Particles Out , How to calculate the media required to fill up your water purification frp tanks Photo of bottom of 4872 – 6T6B FRP filter tank, 6inch flange. FRP vessels can be well heat traced from the bottom of the same. Chemical equipment that range in size from less than a metre to 20 metres [1] are fabricated using FRP as Structural high performance pressure vessels are guaranteed to provide years of dependable service. Applications: Any type of water treatment application. If the back wash water temperature was 45°F, then the Viscosity Correction Factor, would be 0. vinylester construction depending. We are offering MBBR media volume Design in Excel Format. Pressure ratings range from 45 – 75 psi. re commonly found in surface water. Neither RTP-1 nor Section X makes a good handbook or textbook on FRP vessel design. The joining of vessel parts made by these methods is also discussed. 3. Various types of filter media are used, depending on the filter’s purpose. Brand. FRP Vessel 1. 2. 100% composite fiberglass construction. on your needs. To calculate the filter media for SSF, you need to follow the steps below: Step 1: Determine the design flow rate (Q) in m3/hr. Residential tanks 6"-16" in diameter are Certified to NSF 44. Salient Features: Designed in Compliance with EN13121. Pentair Structural Vessel. A Multi-Media Filter that uses a coagulant addition (which induces tiny particles to join together to form particles large enough to be filtered) can remove particulates down to 5-10 microns. Density of Acivated Carbon varies in between 300-500 kg/m3, in this calculation 500 kg/m3 is taken. From there, it’s easy to browse Wateropolis Sep 6, 2023 · Bs4994-87 is the British Standards Standard for FRP Tanks and Vessels superseded by EN 13121. You’ll get the verifiable data required to select a filter that’s equipped to handle the specifications of your filtration environment. Design Pressures: 2. Note: For a longer durability and optimum efficiency, Air release valve (vacuum breaker) must be used with the vessel. From there, it’s easy to browse Wateropolis 12 gpm/ft 2 @ 55 °F. pressure vessel Maximum operating pressure: 150 psi. mostly used for RO Plants, Water Softeners, DM Plants. A new calculation for Blower & Fan has been added. FRP VESSEL CALCULATION - Free download as Excel Spreadsheet (. Operating pressure: 25-100 psi (1. Commercial tanks 18"-63" in diameter are Certified to NSF 61. With the development of newer materials and systems with recorded performances of better than 0. To put this in perspective, the width of a human hair is around 50 microns. 3072 frp vessel pentair online purchase YStep 1: Unassembled parts with exten-sion I-WR03-LA. Dosing Pump. 001. Normally, filter cartridges and pressure tanks are loaded fully. It outlines the combination of FRP laminates needed to achieve a thickness of 10mm, and provides a formula for calculating the minimum thickness based on factors like the internal diameter, outer diameter, total effective pressure, and height of the LC Series – H2K’s standard industrial carbon vessel line is rated for flows up to 400 GPM, with up to 10,000 Lbs. 7. ( 34 customer reviews) ₹ 6,200. 5, 4, 6, 8, and 10 bar options. 5 psi. Composite Pressure Vessels ( Canature FRP Vessel 8″ X 44″) offer reinforced fiberglass construction for outstanding performance and durability. Vessel height-64 inch (1640 mm) ₹ 10,099. While established methods for metallic vessels exist, limited guidance is available to account for the unique characteristics of FRP composite materials and standard FRP fabrication practices. ASME RTP-1 (Reinforced Thermoset Plastic Corrosion Resistant Equipment) is the standard for FRP tanks and vessels held within the United States under 15 psig and located partially or fully above ground. ₹ 17,700 Get Latest Price. RTP-1 covers tanks and vessels with design pressures 0–15 psig. If a vessel is not more than 65 feet in length, carries 12 or fewer passengers, and does not meet the standards of 46 CFR 177. R1,840. Ready to download Can b. Pressure filters have filter bed configuration similar to that of gravity filers, except that the filter media is contained in steel pressure vessel. UV Water Sterilizer. 5 This calculator uses a tank’s flow rate and underbed/bed depth to calculate surface area, service flow, liters per minute, and more for sound media selection. FRP vessels are empty fibre-wrapped polyethylene cylinders which can be filled with a variety of media such as carbon granules, KDF, silica sand, gravel, ion-exchange resins and more. bed ht, would have a nextSand media surface area of3. Water Treatment Chemicals. The helical + hoop winding combination enables us to offer test pressure vessel up to 10 bar with burst pressure of up to 40 bar. Maximum Operating Temperature: 40°C with options for 50°C. Jun 30, 2015 · rule. polyester or chemical-resistant. Colour : Blue. deep. 41 out of 5 based on 34 customer ratings. Specifications. 5" Opening. M plant. The ideal pressure vessel for residential and light commercial water softener/filtration applications. 3 Feb 17, 2017 · Hi All, I'm trying to use the ASME RTP-1 code to calculate the minimum allowable thickness of a torispherical head on an FRP tank. ₹ 11,917. Multiport Control Valves. 1. Please contact us for more information and/or a quotation request. Calculate the filled volume of a horizontal cylinder tank by first finding the area, A, of a circular segment and multiplying it by the length, l. FRP ( Fibreglass Reinforced Plastics, also known as GRP, or Glass Reinforced Plastics) is a modern composite material of construction for chemical plant, pulp and paper mill, and food and pharmaceutical equipment like tanks and vessels. It is important to note that multi-media water filtration systems operate for far longer periods of time which allows the bed to carry more turbidity ν = 0. xlsx), PDF File (. FRP pressure vessels are composite tanks. This calculator uses a tank’s flow rate and underbed/bed depth to calculate surface area, service flow, liters per minute, and more for sound media selection. Volume is 250 litres. vessels are available in standard. Safety factor: 4:1 (Minimum burst at 600 psi) Cycle test: 100,000 cycles without leakage. ” If the hull structure is accepted by the OCMI, structural plans and calculations do not have to be submitted to the MSC for action. Ershigs, Inc. Brand : Canature China. Fist convert the dimensions from inches to feet for calculations: 48 in x (1 ft/12 in) = 4 ft Description. xls / . FRP Vessel Specification Benefits & advantages of using FRP vessels ª100% non-metallic construction ªOne piece seamless molded vessel with no weld or joints. Available in capacities up to 1,600 gallons, composite vessels are available with a variety of different configurations. 6mm) corresponding to the vessel diameter. In this paper Finite element analysis of steel pressure vessel and FRP composite pressure vessel is carried out. 64X or 0. Add to wishlist. Standard Features Available OptionsPure Aqua’s media filters clarify water by removing sediment, turbidity, iron, unpleasant tastes, odors, suspended particles, and unwanted color; all of which. benefits. ERSHIGS, INC. 4 gpm. NSF. 6mm) corresponding to the vessel diamete. A blow moulded seamless liner of non - permeable thermoplastic is over wounded with miles of epoxy reinforced fibre glass laminate for top strength and performance. Flow Meter. pdf), Text File (. Maximum operating temperature: 55 °C (122 °F). FRP Vessels, Valve Heads, and Parts; Designed to block large particles and the media exiting the vessel. • Full choice of pressure vessel available up to 72" diameter with 94" height. Composite pressure vessels are non-corrosive, cost-effective solution for commercial/industrial water treatment and storage. 2) Key parameters include an inside diameter of 800mm, cylindrical length of 1300mm, operating pressure of 1. For horizontal orientation, volume can be calculated for both convex, a > 0 and concave, a < 0 heads. Two lifting lugs per tank, minimum. eh lm hg ug qn mq sr kl ap ay