Sas macro variable example

Sas macro variable example. Contains the date that a SAS job or session began executing. from work. Jan 12, 2024 · With the macro-variable-specification, you can do the following: You can create macro variables based on the first row of the result. CARS (one of the built-in sample data sets included with SAS). com SAS® Help Center SAS Macro Examples. Manipulating Macro Variable Values with Macro Functions. SYSDATE contains a SAS date value in the DATE7. Oh, and you will probably need to add another dot in there. Let's look at your Example 1. Macro variable are not resolved when they are accessed within single quotes. Do the macros you are calling really only emit those digit strings as the results? If you wanted to add those three numbers you should use addition. %END ; expression. If the argument to CALL EXECUTE has macro or macro variable references in single quotes, they still will be resolved before the code is pushed out of the DATA step, but not by the SAS macro pre-processor during the DATA step compilation as it was in the case of double quotation marks. In this case the macro parser. This hands-on workshop teaches essential macro coding concepts, techniques, tips and tricks to help beginning users learn the basics of how the Macro language works. SAS already provides such a macro variable: &sysdate9 . The macro processor resolves text expressions before it evaluates the arithmetic or logical expressions. Sep 25, 2018 · Hello In this example I created a macro variable that get value Peter,Paul My question is how to modify the code to get values "peter","Paul" The reason is that I want to use where clause data name_list; length name $10; Input name $; datalines; Peter John Paul David ; run; proc sql noprint; sele When the macro processor executes a macro program statement that can create a macro variable, the macro processor creates the variable in the local symbol table if no macro variable with the same name is available to it. It overcomes several limitations in hard coding values, including the possibility of typographical errors, resource constraints, and does not account for dynamic data. No macro language needed, but you do need to understand what the output is supposed to look like. This variable happens to The SAS® Macro Language is a powerful tool for extending the capabilities of the SAS System. Oct 10, 2018 · connect using myora; select count(*) into :mycount from connection to myora. In addition, many of the SCL functions allow the programmer to manipulate external files directly from the macro processor When a macro variable value contains a macro variable reference, RESOLVE attempts to resolve the reference. For a complete list of reserved words in the macro language, see Reserved Words in the Macro Facility. %macro lst (dsn); %macro lst(dsn); Create the macro variable named &DSID that uses the OPEN function to open the data set that is passed to the macro. YZ; But also when the dot is When you specify a range of macro variables, the SAS Macro Facility creates only the number of macro variables that are needed. If you create a macro variable with a %let-statement, you never get leading or trailing blanks. Mar 23, 2016 · SYMGET is a DATA step tool that transfers in the opposite direction, from a macro variable to a DATA step variable. So in this example we need the dot so that SAS knows you mean the macro variable PREFIX and not the macro variable PREFIXYZ. In this paper, I will demonstrate the SAS macros that I developed and use myself. A macro array is a list of macro variables that share the same prefix and a numeric suffix, for example, AA1, AA2, AA3, etc. 100. macro functions, except %STR and %NRSTR. You can define and use macro variables anywhere in SAS programs, except within data lines. All that being said, it's the wrong tool for the job. Two macros, %ARRAY and %DO_OVER, make it simple to create and use macro arrays. If the condition is false the first time the macro processor tests it, the %DO %WHILE loop does not iterate. This is the syntax of the %LET statement: %LET macro_variable_name = value; This paper is designed for people who know the basics of SAS programming, but know nothing about SAS macro programming. Here is the macro code for this example. Case 2: Symput: macro values from a data set variable SAS software provides the symput function to transfer values from a data set variable to the macro Oct 28, 2015 · Then add a few lines after the INPUT statement to construct the string you want. And lastly, without a macro, it is much easier to program! Mar 19, 2021 · I have a macro variable %let state= CA. , plus an additional macro variable with a suffix of "N" that contains the length of the array. The syntax of a Local Macro variable in SAS Programming: a macro variable reference, &macro-variable. The SQLOBS automatic variable is useful if a subsequent part of your program needs to know how many The MAKEDS macro uses all the macro variables that were created in the PROC SQL step. %do i=0 %to &dif; Use the %LET statement to create a macro variable named &DATE. data _null_; want = 21 + 33 + 20; put want=; run; The macro processor is a text replacement tool. ) all designed to make your coding simple. is an integer or an expression (text, logical, or arithmetic) that yields an integer, which specifies the position of the first character in the substring. xlsx; *This will then be translated to \C:\Users\Incremental_Reach_Report_myFilexlsx; *The dot will be translated as the end of the macro variable, and it will key=symget(code); Each time the DATA step iterates, the value of CODE supplies the name of a macro variable whose value is then assigned to KEY. The parameter in the first position is VAR, which represents the SAS variables that appear in the VAR statement. Jul 3, 2020 · Create two macro variables with SELECT INTO. 3) A character expression that constructs a macro variable name. This example demonstrates using the %DO %WHILE to strip markup (SGML) tags from text to create a TITLE statement: Aug 12, 2021 · And if you do this without a macro, and call one PROC MEANS that works on all of your variables in &VARIABLE, this is much more efficient in terms of run time (and in terms of programming) than a macro that calls PROC MEANS once for each variable. For example, this statement assigns the letter s and the number of the current iteration (using the automatic DATA step variable _N_). Messages generated by these options appear in the SAS log, prefixed by the name of the option responsible for the message. )); quit; But this works: proc sql; create table &state Caution section below, the macro variables are global. In this SAS How to Tutorial Apr 11, 2024 · Do not create macro variable names that begin with SYS. You can use both the %SYMDEL statement and the CALL SYMDEL routine to do so. Apr 11, 2024 · Using Macro Variables. This example creates two lists of macro variables, TYPE1 through TYPE4 and SIZE1 through SIZE4, and stores values from the first four rows (observations) of the SASUSER. This variable happens to Aug 15, 2020 · The IN operator compares the value of the operand on the left side of the equal sign against the list of values in the operand on the right side and returns a Boolean value. Now, let us consider a single macro variable with multiple values in it. After executing the %LET statement, you can use the macro variable &DSN í as a substitute for LAB. Using a collection of proven Macro Language coding techniques, attendees learn how to Apr 11, 2024 · This example shows how to create new variable names using the values of existing variables. proc sql noprint; select make, model into :macro_make, :macro_model. %DO %UNTIL ( expression ); text and macro language statements. % LET (Macro Variable Name) = Value; Here the Value field can take any numeric, text or date value as required by the program. Apr 11, 2024 · Example 4A. ; Begin the macro definition that contains one parameter. Consider the following example: %let new=inventry; %macro name2; %let new=report; %let old=warehse; Apr 11, 2024 · The %DO statement is used to loop through the number of months (&DIF) between &START and &END. %SYSEVALF is the only macro function that can evaluate logical expressions that contain floating-point or missing values. These examples using text expressions show how to assign the text generated by macro LOCATE or assign the value of the macro variable NAME: Syntax. Jan 16, 2014 · Cynthia's post covers all you need to know to understand what is going on as pairs of ampersands and the macro variables resolve, but to make it more explicit for your example, the resolutions after each scan are as follows: Example 1. Output and Graphics. %put This SAS session started running at: &systime; When this statement executes at 3 p. This does not work: proc sql; create table &state. Extensions and an ordinal number, if necessary, are added to the name of the macro variable in order to create a unique name for each macro variable. If argument references a nonexistent macro variable, RESOLVE returns the unresolved reference. %let prefix=X; %put &prefix. The date does not change during the individual job or session. Oct 15, 2015 · It contains almost 800 words. The index is incremented using the %eval function. proc sql noprint; select style, sqfeet. Dec 21, 2020 · Suppose you have one macro variable, for example, my_macro_var, and you want to delete it. a character expression that constructs a macro variable name. I want to create a dataset that is a subset. , but your SAS session began executing at 9:30 a. 0 Likes. On the first iteration of the macro loop, the first scan of &&DPT&I will resolve to &DPT1, and on the second scan &DPT1 will resolve to GIO. = SCAN (&var, (1:100), ' '). If a match is found in the right-hand operand 1 is returned otherwise it returns 0. The following statement assumes that there are macro variables &V1, &V2, &V3,. Like most programmers, I have collected a set of macros which are so vital to my program development that I find that I use them just about every day. This results in 19 comma separated names in the macro variable n. For example, when you submit the following statements, the macro processor resolves the macro variables &A, &B, and &OPERATOR in the %EVAL function, before it evaluates the expression 2 + 5: Feb 27, 2022 · Data step with CALL SYMPUT or INTO Statement in PROC SQL provides a better method to automate the creation of macro variables. Nov 1, 2021 · The macro processor will ignore strings that are quoted on the outside with single quote characters. Previous presentations have explored the application and utility The %SYSEVALF function performs floating-point arithmetic and returns a value that is formatted using the BEST32. Example 1: Removing Markup Tags from a Title. If you want to create a second macro variable that contains the value of the Model, you could reuse the code above. SAS Local Macro Variables. Output : temp3. 4 Macro Language: Reference. After that, I would like to extract from 101 to 200 and so on. The SAS system options MLOGIC, MLOGICNEST, MPRINT, MPRINTNEST, and SYMBOLGEN can help you track the macro code and SAS code generated by your macro. Nov 7, 2021 · The easiest way to create a macro variable in SAS is by using the %LET Macro Statement. argument. Begin the macro definition with one parameter. The new macro function %SYSFUNC (SAS® rel 6. Hence, we should use double quotes to reference them. The iterative %DO defines and increments a macro variable. 1 and upper limit i. Aug 27, 2020 · Use this form when macro-variable is also the name of a SAS variable or a character expression that contains a SAS variable. A DATA step can apply character functions much more easily than macro language. As processing continues, the value of macro-variable changes by the value of increment until the Oct 16, 2017 · These tips from long-time SAS instructor Jim Simon show you how to format a macro variable in SAS - with attached SAS code. The SQLOBS automatic variable is useful if a subsequent part of your program needs to know how many Dec 11, 2023 · Before the macro processor creates a variable, assigns a value to a variable, or resolves a variable, it searches the symbol tables to determine whether the variable already exists. With the %SYMDEL Statement. The parameter in the second position is SUM, which represents the SAS variables that appear in the SUM Macro variables defined by macro programmers are called user-defined macro variables. Referencing Macro Variables Indirectly. I haven't used UNIX in years (and never for SAS) but I thought UNIX uses the forward slash '/' for pathnames while the default in windows is the backslash ( though it will accept the forward slash as valid) so try switching it in your program. is a character string or a text expression. arithmetic and logical macro expressions May 26, 2020 · Using the SAS® Macro Language, you can produce SAS programs that are easier to modify and maintain – or better yet, programs which modify and maintain themselves. If the value is yes, then create the macro variable named &CNT Dec 11, 2023 · Example 6: Using a Macro to Create New Variable Names from Variable Values Example 7: Dynamically Determine the Number of Observations and Variables in a SAS Data Set Example 8: Use Macro Logic to Determine If an External File Is Empty Jun 16, 2017 · Macro parameters enable you to pass values into the macro at macro invocation, and set default values for macro variables within the macro definition. I need to do this in that way because I will use this calculation in many places on my code and the bes solution is a maro. Macro Variables • Macro variables hold the value of text strings • The easiest way to assign a value to a macro variable is using %let: %let mac_var = Hello!!; %put The value of mac_var is &mac_var; The value of mac_var is Hello!! • Note that: – The value of a macro variable is referenced using & – Text without %’s or &’s (called Debugging Techniques. Macro processing is required to store the values within macro variables, and then assign each new variable the desired value in a subsequent DATA step. We explain how the macro processor works, and how to use macros and macro variables. There are two types of macro parameters: positional and keyword. Jul 10, 2018 · 99% of the time this is a wasted effort. The request to assign or resolve a variable comes from a macro Jun 16, 2021 · Pretty sure they're running into one of the use cases where using the literal syntax confuses SAS when you try to resolve the value later for this reason I recommend never using the literal approach above because it doesn't perform the conversion and store the numeric value to the macro var. Using these techniques you can create flexible, reusable code that can save you time and effort. 12) allows access by the macro processor to most data step functions and several SCL functions. Example 5: We want to plot all independent variables on a data set with the dependent variable. Note that you get leading blanks if the origin is a numeric variable and trailing blanks if it is a a macro variable reference, &macro-variable. The %GLOBAL and %LOCAL statements are exceptions. %ARRAY stores text in a macro array from an Example 1: Using SYSTIME to Display the Time that a SAS Session Started. Use the %IF condition to make sure the data set opened successfully. I suggest you expand Linlin's example and put your list of tables into one macro variable. I wanted to extract first 100 words. as select * from &data. %let finish=%sysfunc (countw (&lst)); %let finish=%sysfunc(countw(&lst)); Use the %DO statement to loop through the number of Apr 5, 2011 · Re: can you reference a macro variable in libname. Caution section below, the macro variables are global. The first time the %DO group iterates, macro-variable is equal to start. Before first scan &&&&&x. Jan 24, 2012 · Re: Passing an arbitrary number of parameters to a macro. sas. (select * from cars); quit; %put "mycount=&mycount"; The count (*) value is contained in the &mycount SAS macro variable. from proclib. For example, if you specify :var1-:var9999 and only 55 variables are needed, only :var1-:var55 is created. Below program gets us all the observation of When the value of the macro variable TAXRATE is CHANGE, then the macro generates the following DATA step: DATA THISYEAR; SET LASTYEAR; IF SALE > 100 THEN TAX = . If the macro variable &date was being used to define a report name, a specification of &date_report. The Macro variable name is any valid SAS variable. &x&n : Macro variable X resolves first to temp and then N resolves to 3. Sep 8, 2013 · Would advice to get the why-s about macro quoting. How can use it within a macro in a conditional statement. The following table lists the extensions for each prompt type and gives an example of each. Jul 28, 1998 · SYSDATE Automatic Macro Variable. The macro processor evaluates the expression at the bottom of each iteration. When you write macro code, or code involving macro variables, you need to ask yourself if you are testing the value of a macro variable, or testing the value of a data step variable, to be sure you have the right one (%IF or IF). e. SAS® macros are a powerful tool which can be used in all stages of SAS program development. ENDYEAR. There are times when you need to take data from a database query and put it into a SAS macro variable. it is not restricted to data steps (or PROCs). The Type variable is dropped from the output data sets. The macro uses a %DO loop to execute a DATA step for each unique value, writing rows that contain a given value of Type to a SAS data set of the same name. Here it is: %macro nobs ( dset) ; %local dsid n ; %let dsid = %sysfunc(open(&dset)) ; %if &dsid %then %do ; A horizontal macro variable list simply refers to a list of values concatenated together, separated by delimiters, and stored in a single macro variable. When a macro variable is defined, the macro processor adds it to one of the program's macro Apr 22, 2020 · In order to create a valid macro function, our macro should not have any SAS language code in it – neither a DATA step, nor a PROC step. The expression is true if it is an integer other than zero. Example 1: Capitalizing a Value to be Compared. nested macro calls. SAS(R) 9. format. Aug 2, 2017 · Argument string has macro or macro variable reference in single quotes. SAS® 9. Note: When you specify a range of macro variables, the SAS macro facility creates only the number of macro variables that are needed. using learning SAS macros for programming is alo requiring to understand how something works. . , the following comment is written to the SAS log: The “INTO:” host-variable in PROC SQL is a valuable resource for creating a macro variable made up of values. We do so with the Separated by Clause. Examples of text items include: macro variable references. The three-letter prefix SYS is reserved for use by SAS for automatic macro variables. Example. If the uppercase value of the response is DEC, then PROC FSVIEW runs on the data set REPORTS. Apr 30, 2022 · Your example does not appear to contain any macro variables at all. Using System Options to Track Problems. The desired result is to create new variables using each team color concatenated with the team name Dec 22, 2015 · Macro variables are referenced by using ampersand (&) followed by macro variable name. The macro processor would search the symbol table for a macro variable named date_report Jun 18, 2021 · %IF tests the value of macro variables. You can then pick up which table you want using %scan: %let dataset_list = data1*data2*data3; %let dataset2 = %scan(&dataset_list, 2,*); %put &dataset2; Nov 20, 2020 · Select Multiple Values Into a Single SAS Macro Variables. At the loop exit the index is off by one; the dimension is therefore index - 1. For example, %let street=Maple; %let num=123; %let address=&num &street Avenue; This example shows multiple macro references that are part of a text expression. A unique macro variable name and value can be created from each observation using the automatic data step variable _n_. 4 Macro Language: Reference, Fifth Edition documentation. g. EXAMPLE 1: GENERATING A LIST OF VARIABLES In some of our projects, we often use SAS data sets with numbered series of variables, such as COL1_LINE1 – macro variable – and the value of that macro variable gets assigned to the DATA step variable MYVAR. The result of the evaluation is always text. After second scan &&x. The following is a list of various ways to create a macro variable in SAS, along with examples. Last updated: April 11, 2024. Solutions to many common macro tasks can now be simpler and more efficient. Case 2: Symput: macro values from a data set variable SAS software provides the symput function to transfer values from a data set variable to the macro The macro processor resolves text expressions before it evaluates the arithmetic or logical expressions. It can occur anywhere within a SAS job, i. After third scan &x. It only happens if you create the macro variable in a data step or proc sql. 08; RUN; When the value of the macro variable TAXRATE is SAME, then the macro generates the following DATA step: DATA THISYEAR; SET LASTYEAR; TAX = . The following statement displays the time a SAS session started. &&x&n : Two ampersands (&&) resolves to one ampersand (&) and scanner continues and then N resolves to 3 The member consists of compiled macro program statements and text. Here comes the interesting part. You can use the NOT operator to negate the return value. the end of the “word” lies, the macro variable reference must be followed by a period to end the “word”. However, the code below shows a more elegant way. After first scan &&&&x. Then, we delete the macro variable with the %SYMDEL . The syntax of the %LET statement is as follows - %LET macro-variable-name = value; %LET x = 5; Example - To store system date. The %LET can defined inside or outside a macro. The search begins with the most local scope and, if necessary, moves outward to the global scope. Aug 15, 2014 · With macro, you can specify special characters as text. In the example below, we create a list of names in the macro variable n. ii. Jul 16, 2021 · Solved: Hi SAS-Experts, i have a problem and have no idea how to fix it. into :style, :sqfeet. xls wouldn’t achieve the desired result. format, which displays a two-digit date, the first three letters of the month name, and a two-digit year. (where = (top_states=&state. Thus, the macro processor stores the value of macro This tutorial explains how single (&), double (&&) and Triple (&&&) ampersand macro variables are resolved in SAS. %LET. See Example 2. ds; A horizontal macro variable list simply refers to a list of values concatenated together, separated by delimiters, and stored in a single macro variable. If argument might contain a special character or mnemonic operator, listed below, use %QSUBSTR. . The scanner reads from left to right. The INTNX function is used to increment the &START date by MONTH. Run the code and verify in the log. It has some conflicting approaches to other parts as being a programming language on its own. This paper presents a number of examples to demonstrate how to take advantage of the %DO loop to build SAS statements dynamically. houses; %put &style &sqfeet; The results are written to the SAS log: 1 proc sql noprint; The %DO %WHILE statement tests the condition at the top of the loop. The SQLOBS automatic variable is useful if a subsequent part of your program needs to know how many variables Apr 11, 2024 · For information about macro variable _SASPROGRAMFILE and other macro variables in SAS Studio, see SAS Studio: User’s Guide for your version of SAS Studio. 03; RUN; These macro variables can be referenced later in a macro do loop with &&DPT&I. When the macro processor executes a macro program statement that can create a macro variable (such as a %LET statement), the macro processor attempts to change the value of an existing macro variable rather than create a new macro variable. Hence, the solution should be dynamic in such a manner user can specify lower limit i. After final scan y key=symget(code); Each time the DATA step iterates, the value of CODE supplies the name of a macro variable whose value is then assigned to KEY. Program. If a global macro variable already exists and you specify that variable in a %GLOBAL statement, the existing value remains unchanged. In this blog post, I also discuss how you can pass in a varying number of parameter values. m. You can see it in the SAS log. The only difference would occur if your program begins before midnight and ends after midnight. Thus, the macro processor stores the value of macro Example 1: Capitalizing a Value to be Compared. The distinction between compiled items and noncompiled (text) items is important for macro execution. 1. I want to define a macro-variable with an if-condition. Examples of Macro Variable Scopes. In those cases TODAY() changes, but &SYSDATE9 remains the date when the program started to run. In this example, the macro RUNREPT compares a value input for the macro variable MONTH to the string DEC. You can also use the %LET statement to overwrite the existing value of a macro variable. # Once the macro variable is defined, you must precede the name of the macro variable with an ampersand (&) each time it is used. The variables are used by the SAS statements using the & character appended at the beginning of the variable name. can be any macro expression that resolves to a logical value. Mar 4, 2016 · To make macro loop driven by data we can use two index macro variables: the first one (primary index) iterates from 1 to n incrementing by 1 effectively going through the observations of a driver table, the other macro variable (secondary index) gets its values from the driver variable and is being a true data-driven index for our macro loop. In this example, the macro PRNT generates a PROC PRINT step. com. &Vx for each iteration of the DATA step: myvar = SYMGET('v'||LEFT(_N_)); SYMGET EXAMPLES Apr 11, 2024 · 1 2. You can use both in the same DATA step, to transfer information to a macro variable and get it back again later. Firstly, we define the macro variable my_macro_var as My Macro Variable and print it to the log. %LET statement for creating a single macro variable. Oct 16, 2017 · So if the macro variable name is followed immediately by a letter or digit that could possible be part of the macro variable name then you need to include the dot. from tab1; quit; &max_reg; %mend; %let max = %obt_max; May 27, 2019 · You have to use double quotes for it to happen. The macro processor attempts to resolve text expressions before it makes the assignment. Today was one Mar 1, 2017 · So the question is what are you trying to do with these macro variables - there are many methods of working with data, and even metadata which require no macro code (arrays, normalisation, variable lists, sashelp tables etc. The SQLOBS automatic variable is useful if a subsequent part of your program needs to know how many A macro variable created with a %GLOBAL statement has a null value until you assign it some other value. The %LET statement is one of the easiest methods to create a macro variable in SAS and is equivalent to the DATA step’s assignment statement. For example, when you submit the following statements, the macro processor resolves the macro variables &A, &B, and &OPERATOR in the %EVAL function, before it evaluates the expression 2 + 5: May 13, 2018 · I want my macro to make a calculation and return value. 05; ELSE TAX = . I mean i have e. &<Macro variable Name> Example:-We can also declare multiple macro variables and use them at different places in SAS Code. %let dt = &sysdate; Example 1: Using the %MACRO Statement with Positional Parameters. The expression is false if it has a value of zero. IF tests the value of data step variables. If you want the macro variable to be expanded then use double quote characters instead. It may only be comprised of the SAS macro language code. Some of these special characters (for example, a semicolon or percent sign) are part of the SAS language instruction set, so we need a way for the macro processor to interpret a particular special character when it’s being used as text in the macro language. My code: %macro obt_max; proc sql; select max(id_reg) into: max_reg. specify integers or macro expressions that generate integers to control the number of times the portion of the macro between the iterative %DO and %END statements is processed. position. This statement creates a macro variable and assigns it a value. May 4, 2019 · Hi @sam1231 . Those defined by the macro processor are called automatic macro variables. HOUSES data set in them. The fourth argument, B , specifies the alignment. For example, suppose we wish to store the unique values of the variable ORIGIN from the data set SASHELP. Displaying Macro Variable Values. Example: %let export=myFile; %put \C:\Users\Incremental_Reach_Report_&export. Apr 17, 2024 · For many prompt types, multiple macro variables are generated. Jan 12, 2024 · Note: When you specify a range of macro variables, the SAS macro facility creates only the number of macro variables that are needed. %macro iterm (lst); %macro iterm(lst); Create the macro variable named &FINISH to contain the number of characters or words in the macro variable named &LST. qv ao ov gp xb vc fs xv of tn